Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on the morphology and yield of safflower and soybean under monoculture and intercropping

Intercropping and biofertilizers application are the most important agricultural methods for moving towards minimizing risks of production increasing efficiency. Consequently, this experiment was conducted at one year in 2019. A factorial set treatments arranged within randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to investigate effect different planting ratios safflower soybean (sole cropping, 30:100 ratio, 60:100 ratio 90:100 ratio) nutrient levels (100% urea fertilizer, 100% biofertilizer combined biofertilizer) on growth yield these crops. The results study indicated that intercropping patterns had highest plant height, number grains per plant, biological grain yields. In addition, means heads head weight 1000 were increased as intercrops grown. Maximum safflower, leaf plan yields both crops attained + biofertilizer. all values LER (land equivalent ratio), RVT (relative value total) RCC crowding coefficient) more than one, indicating an advantage from over sole